{"id":2344,"date":"2026-08-07T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-08-07T01:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cnbygele.com\/?p=2344"},"modified":"2026-08-24T17:24:29","modified_gmt":"2026-08-24T09:24:29","slug":"cold-storage-compressor-vfd-harmonics","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cnbygele.com\/vi\/blog\/cold-storage-compressor-vfd-harmonics\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1ch xem x\u00e9t Harmonics VFD trong nh\u00e0 kho l\u1ea1nh"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Kho l\u1ea1nh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u00e1y n\u00e9n, qu\u1ea1t bay h\u01a1i v\u00e0 b\u01a1m \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau. S\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 t\u1ea3i, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 n\u00f3 cho bi\u1ebft li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u1edf ph\u00eda tr\u00ean c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng h\u00e0i h\u00f2a, m\u00e9o d\u1ea1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p, s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n hay v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 PWM b\u00ean motor. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi h\u1eefu \u00edch kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u201cVFD t\u1ea1o ra h\u00e0i h\u00f2a kh\u00f4ng?\u201d m\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u201ct\u00edn hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 PCC thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh n\u00e0o?\u201d<\/p>\n

\"D\u00f2ng<\/figure>\n

B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh<\/h2>\n

X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n m\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh, \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111o v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb. M\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1eefu \u00edch l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i, gi\u1eef \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i r\u00e3 \u0111\u00f4ng, kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i m\u00e1y n\u00e9n v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u1ea3i th\u1ea5p. C\u00e1c t\u00ean ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 theo c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y; \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh d\u1ea5u th\u1eddi gian \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

Danfoss m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u00e1y n\u00e9n l\u00e0 t\u1ea3i m\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 qu\u1ea1t l\u00e0 t\u1ea3i m\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i. Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ea1i sao b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh theo t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 trong khi b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y n\u00e9n theo h\u00e0nh vi ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u00e1p l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9ng minh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e0i h\u00f2a.<\/p>\n

Gi\u1eef c\u00e1c ranh gi\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n

\u0110o b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee9a nh\u00f3m m\u00e1y n\u00e9n, qu\u1ea1t ho\u1eb7c b\u01a1m nghi ng\u1edd, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111o bus ho\u1eb7c PCC ph\u00eda tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian. Ghi l\u1ea1i d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n pha, d\u1ea1ng s\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p, ph\u1ed5 h\u00e0i h\u00f2a, d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng PWM b\u00ean motor thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t so v\u1edbi m\u00e9o d\u1ea1ng d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00eda ngu\u1ed3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Ranh gi\u1edbi<\/th>\nNh\u1eefng g\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi<\/th>\nNh\u1eefng g\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n cho bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n<\/td>\nNh\u00f3m t\u1ea3i n\u00e0o thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u1ed5 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/td>\nLi\u1ec7u PCC \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 n\u1eb1m trong m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch hay kh\u00f4ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Bus ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i ch\u00ednh<\/td>\nLi\u1ec7u c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ho\u1eb7c h\u1ee7y b\u1ecf gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/td>\nM\u00e1y n\u00e9n ho\u1eb7c qu\u1ea1t n\u00e0o ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
PCC<\/td>\nH\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00eda tr\u00ean nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y g\u00ec<\/td>\nC\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1p motor ho\u1eb7c d\u00f2ng tr\u1ee5c shaft kh\u00f4ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110\u1ea7u c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1<\/td>\nManh m\u1ed1i PWM, c\u00e1p, b\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/td>\nD\u00f2ng h\u00e0i h\u00f2a c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u0110\u1ecdc d\u1eef li\u1ec7u theo tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i trung b\u00ecnh<\/h2>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1eebng tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i, gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111o v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng CT. Ghi ch\u00fa c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 n\u00e9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u1ea1t ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e2n t\u1ea7ng, b\u1ed9 s\u01b0\u1edfi r\u00e3 \u0111\u00f4ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 l\u1ec7nh kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecf qua n\u00e0o. N\u1ebfu ph\u1ed5 PCC ch\u1ec9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, h\u00e3y \u0111i\u1ec1u tra chu\u1ed7i \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ecdn b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc to\u00e0n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

\"Quy<\/figure>\n

X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng c\u00f2n thi\u1ebfu<\/h2>\n

M\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00ean c\u00f3:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi ch\u00fa.<\/li>\n
  2. C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 b\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng d\u00f2ng, ch\u1eb7n DC, b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c th\u00f4ng tin AFE n\u00e0o.<\/li>\n
  3. H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn th\u1ebb tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u00e9o xu\u1ed1ng, gi\u1eef, r\u00e3 \u0111\u00f4ng v\u00e0 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n
  4. Quan s\u00e1t ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t ph\u00eda d\u00f2ng v\u00e0 ph\u00eda \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1.<\/li>\n
  5. M\u1ed9t ranh gi\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc\/sau n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t th\u1eed gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    N\u1ebfu khi\u1ebfu n\u1ea1i l\u00e0 \u201cm\u00e1y n\u00e9n ng\u1eaft khi ph\u00f2ng l\u1ea1nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i,\u201d \u0111\u1eebng nh\u1ea3y t\u1eeb th\u1eddi gian sang nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n. Ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p, ph\u1ed5 d\u00f2ng, nh\u1eadt k\u00fd b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n

    \"\u0110\u1ec1<\/figure>\n

    \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn AHF l\u01b0u tr\u1eef l\u1ea1nh sau c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn th\u1ebb tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/h2>\n

    C\u00e1c trang c\u1ee7a CNBYG \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m AHF\/APF<\/a> l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n h\u1ee3p l\u00fd ti\u1ebfp theo khi h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 PCC cho th\u1ea5y v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 h\u00e0i h\u00f2a d\u00f2ng ph\u00eda d\u00f2ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng, nh\u00f3m ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ph\u00eda ngu\u1ed3n. H\u00e3y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u00f2ng c\u1ea5p m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh, s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp CT, gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u00e0nh vi b\u1ecf qua v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. Li\u00ean k\u1ebft l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh CNBYG c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi kho l\u1ea1nh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

    \u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n, xem Tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110i\u1ec7n<\/a> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u00e1y tr\u1ed9n trong ng\u00e0nh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m<\/a> v\u00e0 c\u1ea9m nang \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng<\/a>.<\/p>\n

    T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h2>\n